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- Water demand
The determination of water demand consists of four parts: (1) selection of a design
period, (2) estimation of the population, commercial, and industrial growth, (3)
estimation of the unit water use, and (4) estimation of the variability of the demand.
- Water source evaluation
What is your source? (Surface or underground), what are available quantities, is the
source reliable?
- Water quality
Physical characteristics (color, turbidity, temperature, and, in particular, taste and
odor.), Chemical characteristics (prescence of heavy metals, fluoride e.t.c.),
microbiological characteristics and radiological characteristics (Presence of
radioactive materials).
- Evaluation of process options
Begin screening alternative supply and treatment options.
- Plant sizing and layout
Once the preliminary selection of the water treatment unit operations and processes
has been made rough calculations are made to determine sizes to be used in
examining feasibility of site locations and cost. The elements to be considered in plant
sizing include: (1) number and size of process units, and (2) number and size of
ancillary structures. The layout should include: (1) provision for expansion, (2)
connection to the transportation net, (3) connection to the water distribution system,
and (4) residuals handling system.
- Plant location
Ideally a site comparison study will be performed after alternatives have been
screened and rough sizing of the processes is complete. Many factors may preclude
the ideal situation. For example, in highly urbanized areas the availability of land may
preclude all but one site. In some cases the availability of land may force the selection
of processes that fit into the available space.
- Project evaluation
When the alternatives the planners task is to provide data which aid the choice
among alternatives. The choice among alternatives is governed by the economic
and financial feasibility and their social acceptability with respect to possible
environmental impact.
- Financial considerations in planning:
In order to implement a project proposal finding the money to build and operate it
is essential. Input from financial specialist is essential in order to develop a good
plan for financing. This is a prime requisite for the successful implementation of
a project.
- Environmental consideration in planning:
Where a project is seen to be essential, it is necessarily careful to consider the
ecological impact on the stream and adjacent areas and develop a plan that will
have minimum detrimental effects to the scheme and adjacent areas other
measures to be considered include Special treatment of surface to avoid large
expenses of circuit coiling the surrounding and planting of grass, shrubs or trees to
enhance visual feeling.
NatalieR answered the question on June 30, 2022 at 07:33
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