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1. Personal characteristics:
The personal characteristics of students (e.g. responsibility, commitment, persistence, determination and intellectual potential) are significantly influenced by family members. In most cases, these characteristics influence the degree to which learners pursue and complete educational goals. Although performance and study completion is usually associated with an individual student's personal attributes, motivations and initiative, one cannot ignore the influence which significant others exert on a student's decision to pursue and complete studies. According to Mannheim (1936), every individual is born into a society which has predetermined patterns of thought and conduct and to which an individual therefore fits.
2. Role models
The types of sources that influence students to pursue and complete education vary in number and type. Among them are persons in and outside the educational arena who take a special interest in furthering the education of students. These include professional person. (e.g. teachers, advisors, counselors and mentors) involved in this endeavour as part of their professional responsibilities or simply because of their professional initiative. Some students are motivated by prominent people in society such as doctors, lawyers and engineers.
3. Family economic background
There is a definite relationship between educational attainment and the socioeconomic background of the family, including the level of education and income of both parents. Parental influence on the educational aspirations of children varies in relation to the parents' socio economic status. There is a lower degree of influence particularly among lower-income parents. Students from middle and upper class families tend to stay in school longer and perform better than students from the lower socioeconomic classes (Thomas, 1994).
Since in Kenya majority of students sit for similar national examinations, students from rich family backgrounds have an advantage over those from poor backgrounds. They usually score top marks and join national schools. Most children from poor backgrounds are destined for district schools where facilities are inadequate and overall performance poor.
4. Policies
Society formulates what it considers best for its learners. Policies are then formulated to achieve these expectations. In Kenya, various changes have been made to improve the education programme. The Free Primary Education Programme was formulated as a mechanism of addressing regional and gender disparities in the education system. Policies have been formulated in response to political demands for a more effectives and efficient education. Educational policies have also been formulated based on society's anxiety about children's professional and social future. This has led some parents (especially from the middle class) to adopt a more strategic approach towards schools and schooling since they see themselves as "consumers of school goods." Consequently, there is social pressure in favour of choice, individualization and diversification of education provision and routes. This has contributed to the mushrooming of private schools.
francis1897 answered the question on August 19, 2022 at 06:31
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