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This is the initiation of the succession by a major disturbance in the environment. It is described as the emergence of barren environment, free of vegetation e.g. exposed sand. Such sites may result from volcanic action remnants of glacier movement.
The substrate therein is virtually lifeless and can at best sustain only autotrophic (organism capable of creating its own food from inorganic substances) bacteria.
Through bio-chemical processes, nudation establishes abiotic environment suitable for future colonization. Lichens, for instance, secrete weak acids which in turn break down rocks into less developed soil, the initial medium for the development of early colonizers.
francis1897 answered the question on February 28, 2023 at 07:16
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