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There are various ways to describe the progression of linguistic development that learners manifest as they attempt to successfully produce the target language system. Brown D (1993) proposes four stages based on his observations:
Random errors stage This is the first stage which Corder calls “presystematic’’.At this stage the learner is only slightly aware there’s some systematic order to a particular class of items. Here the learner simply produces structures through guess work. Brown gives the following example * “The different city is another one in the two” .At random stage the learner produces structures that don’t make sense.
Emergent Stage. The learner has begun to discern a system and to internalize some rules. These rules may not be correct by target language standards but they are nevertheless legitimate in the mind of the learner. The stage is characterized by some backsliding where the learner seems to have picked a rule but regresses to some previous stage. A learner at this stage will make errors like: *I go Nairobi yesterday.
Systematic stage. The learner is now able to manifest more consistency in producing the second language. At this stage the learners also have the ability to correct their errors when they are noticed.
Stabilization Stage. Here the learner has relatively few errors and has mastered the system whereby he speaks fluently and makes the intended meaning without problems.
francis1897 answered the question on March 8, 2023 at 12:35
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