State and explain the types of hearing loss.

A hearing loss can happen when any part of the ear or auditory (hearing) system is not working in the usual way. There are three types of hearing loss: conductive hearing loss, sensorineural hearing loss and mixed hearing loss.

Conductive hearing loss
Occurs when hearing loss is due to problems with the ear canal, ear drum, or middle ear and its little bones (the malleus, incus, and stapes).Conductive hearing loss can be acquired or congenital and is caused by blockage or damage in the outer and/or middle ear. A conductive hearing loss leads to a loss of loudness and can often be helped by medical or surgical treatment.

Sensorineural hearing loss
Sensorineural hearing loss occurs when hearing loss is due to problems of the inner ear, also known as nerve-related hearing loss. Sensorineural hearing loss can be acquired or congenital and is caused by damage to, or malfunction of, the cochlea (sensory part) or the hearing nerve (neural part). Sensorineural hearing loss leads to a loss of loudness as well as a lack of clarity. The quantity and the quality of sound are affected and sometimes may limit the benefit of a hearing aid.

Mixed hearing loss
Refers to a combination of conductive and sensorineural hearing loss. This means that there may be damage in the outer or middle ear and in the inner ear (cochlea) or auditory nerve.
Mixed hearing loss results when there is a problem in both the conductive pathway (in the outer or middle ear) and in the nerve pathway (the inner ear). An example of a mixed hearing loss is a conductive loss due to a middle-ear infection combined with a sensorineural loss due to damage associated with ageing.

Auditory Neuropathy
Auditory neuropathy is a hearing disorder in which sound enters the inner ear normally but the transmission of signals from the inner ear to the brain is impaired. It can affect people of all ages, from infancy through adulthood. People with auditory neuropathy may have normal hearing, or hearing loss ranging from mild to severe; they always have poor speech-perception abilities, meaning they have trouble understanding speech clearly.

Auditory processing disorder (APD)
APD (Auditory Processing Disorder), sometimes called CAPD (Central Auditory Processing Disorder), is an auditory perception problem in which sounds and words cannot be accurately recognized or distinguished from one another. It interferes with both the input and integration of verbal information, and results in a potentially permanent cognitive dysfunction during the developmental period of acquisition of language.

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francis1897 answered the question on March 9, 2023 at 09:30