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There are also numerous other eye conditions that can cause visual impairment. Among them
are:
1. Cortical Visual Impairment: Cortical visual impairment (CVI) is a neurological disorder, which results in unique visual responses to people, educational materials, and to the environment.
2. Retinopathy of prematurity: Retinopathy of an eye disorder affecting premature infants.
3. Optic Nerve Hypoplasia: refers to the underdevelopment of the optic nerve during pregnancy.
4. Albinism: refers to a group of inherited conditions. people with albinism have absent or reduced pigment in their eyes, skin or hair.
5. Optic Nerve Atrophy: ONA is a permanent visual impairment caused by damage to the optic nerve.
6. Cataracts: defined as a clouding of the lens of the eye; can be congenital, caused by trauma, or associated with disease;
7. Cortical Visual Impairment (CVI): apparent lack of or reduction in vision when eyes appear to be normal; cause of the visual reduction is in the visual cortex of the brain; there is no nystagmus; special intervention techniques are indicated (contact VI teacher).
8. Glaucoma- intraocular pressure build-up caused by an imbalance between the rate of production of the aqueous fluid and the rate of normal drainage;
9. Infections: many types, with a variety of symptoms; most common involve the conjunctiva (thin layer of tissue lining the eyelids and connected to top layer of sclera);
10. Malformations: many types; most common are clefts in the iris, dislocated lens, and syndrome-related abnormalities; may have prenatal causes
11. Ocular-muscle problems: most common is strabismus (one or both eyes out of alignment); can be outward, inward, upward, or downward, depending on which muscle(s)
12. Nystagmus is another ocular-muscle anomaly; manifested by involuntary eye movements, usually noted as "jerky" or "jumpy" eye movement;
13. Ocular trauma: occurs when the eyeball is hit, lacerated, or punctured; always requires medical evaluation and treatment.
14. Refractive errors: (nearsightedness, farsightedness, astigmatism), an eye specialist should monitor vision periodically from birth.
15. Retinoblastoma- a tumor behind the eye which, if left untreated, can be both blinding and life-threatening
francis1897 answered the question on March 9, 2023 at 12:03
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