Climate - Many parts of Africa experience little or no rain at all over several years leading to crop failure and hence food shortages/natural hazards.
Population - The rapid population growth rate has overtaken food production rate resulting into food shortages.
Storage - Inadequate/food storage facilitates had contributed to food wastage as farmers cannot store food for a long period.
Transport - Poor state of roads in many African countries hinders transportation of food from the areas of surplus to those of deficit.
Prices - Low prices of food stuff have discouraged many farmers who may have invested so much capital leading to food shortages.
Capital - Many farmers in Africa lack enough capital to buy required farm inputs.
Pests - Due to crop diseases and pest a lot of food is destroyed either on the farms or in stores resulting to food shortages.
Cash crops - The emphasis on cash crop farming at the expense of food crops has contributed to low food production leading to food shortages.
Desertification - Environmental degradation through deforestation/overgrazing of animals had led to soil erosion leading to wasteland, hence low food production/desertification.
Political wars - Civil wars in many African countries have displaced people from their farms and therefore diverted their attention from farming resulting in food shortages.
Policy - Poor food policies have discouraged farmers as they are not given enough incentives in case of crop failure/poor economic policies.
Labour - The young able-bodied persons migrate to urban centres thus leaving farming to the aged who are not able to contribute much towards food production.
HIV - HIV and AIDS pandemic has impacted negatively on the labour force in food production.
Mohaissack answered the question on October 4, 2017 at 06:29
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