- Made African land to be alienated making them landless.
- Africans were pushed to specific infertile areas designated as African reserves.
- Africans were forced to work on European farms in order to earn a living
- Africans became squatters in European farms.
- Shortage of land in the reserve led to overcrowding.
- Overcrowding, over cultivation, and over grazing in the reserve led to soil erosion.
- The policies brought poverty and misery to the Africans.
- Land alienation disrupted traditional structures.
- Loss of land led to resentment and discontent among Africans leading to the rise of nationalism
and struggle for independence.
- Led to introduction of taxes to the Africans to ensure constant supply of labour.
- Led to introduction of the Kipande system to ensure African workers in the European farms did
not desert their employment.
gideon1 answered the question on October 4, 2017 at 13:33
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