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A compound of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen contains 71.12g by mass of oxygen, 2.2g hydrogen and the rest is carbon. It has relative molecular mass of 90.
a) Determine the empirical formula of the compound
b) Determine the molecular formula of the compound
Date posted:
October 1, 2019
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The diagram below shows Chromatograms for five different dyes.
a) Name one condition required to separate the chromatograms present in a dye.
b) What is meant by the solvent front? .
c) Which chromatograms are present in dye E.
d) Name two industrial applications of chromatography
Date posted:
October 1, 2019
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The set-up below was used to prepare a sample of oxygen gas. Study it and answer the questions that follow.
a) Write a word equation for the reaction that produces oxygen above.
b) State two physical properties of oxygen gas.
c) State two uses of oxygen.
Date posted:
October 1, 2019
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State whether solutions with the following pH values are acidic, basic or neutral.
pH 3 –
pH 11 –
pH 14 –
pH 7 –
Date posted:
October 1, 2019
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Study the diagram below for the reaction between sodium carbonate and hydrochloric acid and answer the questions that follow.
a) Explain what was observed in:
i) Test tube A.
ii) Test tube B.
b) Write a word equation for the reaction which took place in test tube.
Date posted:
October 1, 2019
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Distinguish between temporary physical and permanent chemical changes.
Date posted:
October 1, 2019
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The graph below shows the shape of the curve obtained by a student when solid X was heated to boiling.
a) Determine the melting point of solid X.
b) After the experiment the student concluded that substance x was pure substance. Explain why he concluded so.
c) If candle wax was used in the above experiment the portion QR would be horizontal. What does this tell us about candle wax?
Date posted:
October 1, 2019
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Identify the elements present in the following compounds.
i) Magnesium oxide.
ii) Zinc chloride
iii) Sodium sulphate.
iv) Aluminium nitrate
Date posted:
October 1, 2019
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Explain why molten calcium chloride conducts electricity while silicon (IV) oxide does not.
Date posted:
October 1, 2019
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Phosphorus element smoulders in air to form two oxides
(a) Name the two oxides
(b) State the nature of the solution when the above mentioned oxides are dissolved in water.
Date posted:
October 1, 2019
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The diagrams below are some common laboratory apparatus. Name each apparatus and state its use.
Date posted:
October 1, 2019
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(a) What name is given to the two types of atoms.
Date posted:
October 1, 2019
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Oxygen is obtained on large scale by the fractional distillation of air as shown on the flow chart below.
a) Explain why air is considered as a mixture
b) Identify the substance that is removed at the filtration stage
c) Explain why Carbon (IV) oxide and water are removed before liquefaction of air
d) Identify the component that is collected at -186°C
Date posted:
October 1, 2019
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In temperate countries, salt is sprayed on roads to defrost and clear roads but the long term effect on this practice is costly to motorist.
(a) Explain the role of salt in defrosting the ice.
(b) Explain why the long term effect is costing to motorist.
Date posted:
October 1, 2019
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Study the table below.
(a) Which elements belong to the same period of the periodic table?
(b) What is the formula of the compound formed by L and N.?
(c) Compare the atomic and ionic radii of element L.
Date posted:
October 1, 2019
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A student set-up the apparatus below in order to determine the percentage by volume of oxygen in air.
a) Why did water rise when the reaction had stopped?
b) The student wrote the expression for the percentage by volume of oxygen in air as
Why was the volume of oxygen calculated using the above expression incorrect?
c) What should have been done after the reaction had stopped in order to get a correct volume.
Date posted:
October 1, 2019
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Two solutions J and K were tested with blue litmus papers and methyl orange indicator.
Blue litmus remained blue in both solutions. Methyl orange remained orange in K but turned yellow in J.
(a) What is the nature of substance J? Explain.
(b) Give an example of a substance that K is likely to be.
Date posted:
October 1, 2019
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Describe how the following reagents can be used to prepare copper (II) hydroxide, solid copper (II) sulphate, solid sodium hydroxide and distilled water.
Date posted:
October 1, 2019
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The flow chart below illustrates two industrial processes, Haber process and the Contact process:
(a) (i) Give the name of the process by which air is seperated into oxygen and nitrogen
(i) Apart from oxygen and nitrogen gases produced from process (a)(i) name one other gas produced
(b) Name the substances represented by the letters A, B, C and D
(c) Name the catalysts used in:
(i) Haber Process
(ii) Contact Process
(d) Explain the role of the catalysts in both the Haber and the Contact processes
(e) Write a chemical equation for the formation of compound B
(f) Calculate the percentage by mass of the nitrogen present in compound D
(g) Give one major use of compound D
Date posted:
October 1, 2019
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Study the set-up below and answer the questions that follow.
a) (i) Name Gas X
(ii) State the effect of releasing gas X to the environment
b) Write down equations for the reactions taking place in;
(i) Tube I
(ii) Tube II
(iii) Flask
c) State the observation made in tube III
d) Write down an equation for the reaction which could be used to generate Carbon (IV) Oxide for the above set up
(e) Name the reagents used to generate gas X in the laboratory
(f) Complete the diagram above to show how excess gas X can be collected
Date posted:
October 1, 2019
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The grid below shows a part of the periodic table. The letters do not represent the actual symbols. Use it to answer the questions that follow:-
a) How do the atomic radius of element
(i) X and M compare. Explain.
(ii) U and Q. Explain
b) Which letter represent the most reactive metal. Explain.
Date posted:
October 1, 2019
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The number of protons, neutrons and electrons in atoms A to F are given in the table below the letters do not represent the actual symbol of the elements:-
Choose from the table the letters that represent:
(i) An atom of a metal
(ii) A neutral atom of a non-metal
(iii) An atom of a noble gas
(iv) A pair of isotopes
(v) A cation
(vi) Anion
Date posted:
October 1, 2019
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When zinc is heated to redness in a current of steam, hydrogen gas is obtained. Write an equation for the reaction
Date posted:
October 1, 2019
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Hydrogen burns in oxygen to form an oxide.
(i) Write an equation for the reaction
(ii) State two precautions that must be taken before the combustion begins and at the end of
the combustion.
Date posted:
October 1, 2019
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Hydrogen can be prepared by reacting zinc with dilute hydrochloric acid.
a) Write an equation for the reaction.
b) Name an appropriate drying agent for hydrogen gas.
c) Explain why copper metal cannot be used to prepare hydrogen gas.
Date posted:
October 1, 2019
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Using dots(•) and crosses(x), show bonding in magnesium chloride.
Date posted:
September 27, 2019
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Study the flow chart below and answer the questions that follow.
i) Name Compound T
ii) Gas U
iii) The equation below shows the reaction between sulphur (IV) oxide gas and oxygen gas to produce sulphur (VI) oxide in contact process.
2 SO2(g) + O2(g)----->2SO3 D = -197 kJ/mol
State two conditions that are necessary for maximum production of SO3.
iv) Name the catalyst used for this reaction.
Date posted:
September 26, 2019
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Study the reaction scheme below and use it to answer the questions that follow.
i) Name the process in;
Step I
Step II
ii) State the reagent necessary for the process in
Step II
Step III
iii) Name the type of reaction taking place in step III
Date posted:
September 26, 2019
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Castor oil extracted from castor seeds is found to change the colour of acidified potassium manganate (VII) .
i) State the colour change.
ii) Explain why castor oil reacts with acidified Potassium manganate (VII) to cause the colour change.
Date posted:
September 26, 2019
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Below is a list of major components of crude oil and their boiling points.
i) What is the name of the process by which the constituents of crude oil can be separated?
ii) Give one use of the gases component.
iii) Give the order by which the components are obtained from the mixture, starting with the first.
Date posted:
September 25, 2019