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Solar Installation Technology Notes for Diploma in Electrical and Electronics Engineering

Institution: College

Course: Diploma in Electrical and Electronics Engineering

Content Category: Lecture Notes

Posted By: mutuashedy

Document Type: PDF

Number of Pages: 58

Price: KES 200
 
    

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Summary

Solar installation technology notes for diploma in electrical and electronics. The document contains all the topics , introduction to solar installation, pv systems , wiring accessories, pv system sizing, maintenance of pv systems.

INTRODUCTION TO SOLAR TECHNOLOGIES
Off-grid solar electricity is a convenient form of electricity for people far from the electric grid
or for people who want electric power without having to ‘hookup’.
Solar electricity is electric power generated from sunlight using devices called solar cell
modules. Solar electricity can replace, cost-effectively, small applications of petroleum-fueled
generators, grid power and even dry cell batteries.
The technology has spread rapidly throughout the world for both on-grid and off grid
application. Millions of rural off-grid homes are using solar photovoltaic (PV) systems
throughout the developed and developing world. Small off-grid solar electric systems differ
from grid or generator electricity in a number of ways:
• Small off-grid PV systems are based on extra-low-voltage direct current
• electricity, not low-voltage 230 or 110 volts (V) alternating current (see the
• Glossary for a definition of ‘extra-low’ and ‘low’ voltage).
• Off-grid PV systems usually store energy in batteries.
• Electricity is generated on-site by photovoltaic modules.
• For systems to be economical, all electricity produced must be used efficiently.

THE SOLAR RESOURCE
The sun is the Earth’s nearest star and the source of virtually all the Earth’s energy, producing
3.8 × 1023 kW of power in huge nuclear fission reactions. Most of this power is lost in space,
but the tiny fraction that does reach the Earth, 1.73 × 1016 kW, is thousands of times more than
enough to provide all of humanity’s energy needs.
The energy we derive from wood fuel, petroleum products, coal, hydroelectricity and even our
food originates indirectly from the sun. Solar energy is captured and stored by plants. We use
this energy when we burn firewood or eat food. The sun also powers rainfall cycles that fill
rivers from which we extract hydroelectricity. Petroleum and coal are made up of the fossilized
remains of plants and animals that collected energy from the sun thousands of years ago.
Energy can also be harvested from the sun directly for heating, drying, cooking, distilling,
raising steam and generating electricity. Many types of equipment can be used to collect solar
energy. These include flat plate solar thermal panels and evacuated tubes, which harvest solar
energy for heating water, and solar concentrators that focus the rays of the sun into high energy
beams to produce heat for electricity generation (known as concentrated solar power or CSP).
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