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BBA 400: Business Policies and Decisions Notes

Institution: Kenyatta University

Course: Bachelor of Commerce

Content Category: Lecture Notes

Posted By: davidkariuki1010

Document Type: DOC

Number of Pages: 71

Price: KES 200
 
    

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Summary

LESSON ONE:
THE NATURE AND SCOPE OF BUSINESS POLICIES

1.1: INTRODUCTION

Welcome to this lesson that deals with application of principles that are learnt in the lower level management courses. This lesson deals with the scope and overview of business policies. It gives a summary of the content of the whole unit. It also deals with the definitions that are used in this unit.

1.2: Lessons objectives
At the end of this Lesson, you will be able to:
i) To define the terms: business policies, business policy framework, policy levels and policies characteristics
ii) To describe the policy development process.
iii) Explain the importance of this unit as an area of study.
iv) Explain the trends that are likely to influence the performance of policies in future.
Lessons Outcomes
1. Apply proper business policies
2. Understand how a policy framework can affect the performance of a business.
3. Be able to design a policy frame wok geared towards the attainment of specific goals.


1.3: LESSON ONE: NATURE AND SCOPE OF BUSINESS POLICIES

1.3.1: Definitions

Policy:
There are two major definitions of the term policy hence the following two perspectives.

1. Policies are defined as guidelines that help to guide the decision making activities of the organization so as to ensure
• Consistency in decision making
• Equity in organization's activities
• Consistency in the relationships with stakeholders.
• Stakeholders’ awareness of what LessonsOutcomes to expect.
2. Policies can also be defined as long term plan (s) of action that help(s) to ensure survival and growth of the organization in the long term future. In this context, policies help to guide the following:
? The size of the organization
? The destiny of the organization
? Identity of the organization
? Allocation of resources to meet organization’s objectives
Business policy framework (BPF)
Business Policy framework defines the parameters within which policy decisions are made. BPF comprises of five variables:
? Environment – all the positive and negative dynamics or forces that are likely to influence the performance of policies. The dynamics can be within the business thus referred to as internal environment or controllable environment; or outside the business referred to as external or non-controllable environment.(refer to Lesson 2)
? Overall purpose – this is the broad objective of the business. The reason for business existence.
? Identity – this is defined as the unique characteristic that differentiates the business from any other business. It might be related to a unique customer, product, service etc.
? Resources – this includes all the factors of production at the disposal of the business.
? Activities – refers to what the business does with the available resources to undertake and fulfill its overall purpose and maintain its identity.
Policy development process
This is a step by step process that comprises of
? Environment scanning
? Developing vision, mission and objectives
? Formulation of policies
? Choice of organization’s portfolio plan
? Implementation of chosen portfolio
? Evaluation of the implementation process
? Social responsibility and ethics
Policy levels
1. Functional level –policies at the department or sectional level dealing with specific products or services or area of operation.
2. Organization level – policies developed for the whole organization. They deal with the strategic actions of the whole organization’s future.
3. National level – policies developed to deal with the affairs of a specific state.
4. Zonal or regional level –policies developed for operations of a given region such as EAC, COMESA region etc.
5. International level
6. Global level
Activity
Describe the policy development process
1.3.2: Characteristics of Business policies
• Entrepreneurial in nature. This is where policy makers or managers are expected to act like entrepreneurs who are able to identify the opportunities, gather the necessary resources and exploit the opportunities for some gain in the implementation of the portfolio.
................................


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