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BLA 2211: Description of Modern English Notes

Institution: Mount Kenya University

Course: Bachelor of Education

Content Category: Lecture Notes

Posted By: Geniuslife

Document Type: PDF

Number of Pages: 34

Price: KES 100
 
    

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Summary

STRUCTURE OF MODERN ENGLISH

The Concept of Structure in Modern English

When we say that something has structure, it means that the object is made up of parts called constituents. Some parts are major while others are minor. If a minor part is damaged,, little harm is done to the object. But if damage is done on major parts, then serious harm is done to the entire object. The parts of a structure object are normally arranged in a hierarchical order, from the smallest to the largest. The idea of structure applies to nature, the world of technology, social organizations as well as in grammar.
The sentence which is the largest analysis is made up of clauses, phrases, words, morphemes and phonemes. These units are ordered in terms of ranks from the highest to the lowest and vice-versa. A sentence is made up of one or more clauses. A clause is made up of one
or more phrases. A phrase is made up of one or more words’ word may have one or more morphemes.
A bicycle is said to have structure since it has major parts like: saddle, wheel, pedals, handle bars, chain and cross bar. One part of the bicycle lie the wheel has other minor parts like the spokes, valve, tyre, hub, rim and cog. The handle bars have minor parts like the bell, cable and brake lever.



OBJECTIVES

By the end of the course, students should be able to:

i) Define the concept of structure in modern English.

ii) Apply X-analysis, nature and structure of phrases in English.

iii) Analyze clauses, verbs phrases and adjective phrases in a given sentence.

iv) Reorder basic sentence structures in the description of modern English discourse.



COURSE CONTENT

1. THE CONCEPT OF THE STRUCTURE OF GRAMMAR

2. THE NATURE AND STRUCTURE OF PHRASES IN ENGLISH

i. Phrase
ii. Noun Phrase
iii. Adjective Phrase

iv. Adverb Phrase
v. Verb Phrase
vi. Prepositional Phrase

3. USE OF X-BAR ANALYSIS

i. X- Bar Theory

4. DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS OF CLAUSES

i. Clause
ii. Main And Subordinate Clause
iii. Subordinating Clauses

5. REDUCTION OF BASIC SENTENCE STRUCTURES

i. Substitution
ii. Ellipsis
iii. Pro-forms
iv. Recoverability

6. SENTENCES AND THEIR GRAMMATICAL AND STYLISTIC FEATURES

i. Simple Sentence
ii. Compound Sentence
iii. Complex Sentence

7. EXPANSION OF BASIC SENTENCE STRUCTURES

i. Coordination
ii. Subordination

8. RE-ORDERING OF BASIC SENTENCE STRUCTURES

i. Thematic Re-Ordering
ii. Subject-Complement Switching
iii. Passivization

iv. Extraposition
v. Cleft And Pseudo-Cleft Constructions

9. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WORD GROUPS

i. Markedness
ii. Morphological Markedness
iii. Semantic Markedness



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