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Form 2 Chemistry Notes

Institution: Secondary Level

Course: Chemistry

Content Category: Form 2 Notes

Posted By: mutiso

Document Type: PDF

Number of Pages: 137

Price: KES 100

Views: 19667 Downloads: 38

Summary

ATOMIC STRUCTURE AND THE
PERIODIC TABLE
Preface
The structure of the atom is extensively covered here. The periodic table is the
arrangement of atoms of elements based on their atomic structure. Emphasis on
the trends across and down the periodic table of atoms is important for the
teacher facilitator. This work should be covered before “Chemical bonding
and structure”. The two complements each other in understanding periodicity.
Candidate-user preparing for any secondary level chemistry from members of
A.ATOMIC STRUCTURE
The atom is the smallest particle of an element that take part in a chemical
reaction.The atom is made up of three subatomic particle:
(i)Protons
(ii)Electrons
(iii)Neutrons
(i)Protons
1.The proton is positively charged
2.Is found in the centre of an atom called nucleus
3.It has a relative mass 1
4.The number of protons in a atom of an element is its Atomic number
(ii)Electrons
1.The Electrons is negatively charged
2.Is found in fixed regions surrounding the centre of an atom called energy
levels/orbitals.
3.It has a relative mass 1/1840
4.The number of protons and electrons in a atom of an element is always equal
(iii)Neutrons
1.The Neutron is neither positively or negatively charged thus neutral.
2.Like protons it is found in the centre of an atom called nucleus
3.It has a relative mass 1
4.The number of protons and neutrons in a atom of an element is its Mass
number.
................

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