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Organization and Organizational Behaviour Notes

Institution: Kenyatta University

Course: Bachelor of Commerce, Supply chain management, Human resource management, Diploma in Supply chain management, Human resource management and Sales and Marketing

Content Category: Lecture Notes

Posted By: XELA AMUO

Document Type: PDF

Number of Pages: 174

Price: KES 200

Views: 524 Downloads: 4

Summary

These are the lecture notes for Organizational Behaviour, a unit taught in second year at degree,diploma and certificate levels in Bachelor of Commerce,Human resource management, sales and marketing and supply chain management.

1.1 INTRODUCTION
Organizations are found in all walks of life. Government offices, banks, schools,
colleges, hospital, factories, shops, institutes, political parties and so on. This is necessary to carry on activities of each one of them. Organizing is a basic function of management. It refers to the process involving the identification and grouping of activities to be
performed, defining and establishing the authority-responsibility relationship. This enables
people to work most effectively together in achieving the organizational objectives.
In general, organizing consists of determining and arranging for men, materials.
machines and money required by an enterprise for the attainment of its goals. In its
operational sense, the term organizing means defining responsibilities of the employed
people and the manner in which their activities are to be related. The final result of
organizing is the creation of a structure of duties and responsibilities of persons in organizational different positions, grouping them according to the similarity, Behaviour and
interrelated nature of activities. In brief, organizing process results in the outcome called
“organization”, consisting of a group of people working together for the achievement of one
or more common objectives.
1.2 ORGANIZATION
We will consider a few definitions of some authors. Money and Reiley: “Organization is the form of every human association for the attainment of a common purpose”.
Puffier and Sherwood: “Organization is the pattern of ways in which large numbers of
people have intimate face to face contact with all others, are engaged in a variety of
tasks, relate themselves to each other in conscious, systematic establishment and accomplishment of mutually agreed purposes”.
The basic feature of any organization is the hierarchy of persons in it. It, therefore,
distinguishes among different persons and decides who will be superior and the subordinate. All the organizations allow an unwritten rule that the subordinate cannot defy the
orders of the superiors.
1.1.1 Need for Organization
We need organization to execute the management function. Study of organization has to be made necessarily for following reasons:
a. It provides an ideal setting for the study of human behaviour. The study of organization leads to man’s important discoveries that are vital for the continued well-being
of the institutes particularly and the society in general.
b. Knowledge of organization helps managers to effectively, know various things, such
as how to run the organization and protect the environment needs, how to motivate
run the organizational subordinates, how to manage conflicts, how to introduce
behavioural changes and so on.
c. Organizations pervade in all the important phases of man’s life. A man is born in
organizations (hospitals, clinics etc.); he is educated in organizations (schools,
colleges etc.), and works in organization (factories, office etc.).
1.1.2 Process of Organizing
We have seen that the outcome of an organizing process is the ‘Organization’.
Organizing is the process by which managers bring order out of chaos and create proper
conditions for effective teamwork. Organizing involves the following interrelated steps:
a. Objectives: Every organization must have objectives. Therefore, every management essentially has to identify the objectives before starting any activity.
b. Activities: Identifying and grouping several activities is an important process. If
individuals of the groups are to pool their efforts effectively, there must be proper
division of the major activities. Each and every job must be properly classified and
grouped.
c. Duty:Every individual needs to be allotted his duty. After classifying and grouping
the activities into various jobs, they should be allotted to the individuals so that they
perform them effectively. Every individual should be given a specific job to do according to his ability. He may also be given adequate responsibility to do the job
allotted to him.
d. Relationship: Many individuals work in an organization. It is the responsibility of
management to lay down the structure of relationships in the organization and
authority.
e. Integration: All groups of activities must be properly integrated. This can be achieved
in the following ways: through relationship of authority: horizontal, vertical or lateral.
The unity of objectives can be achieved along with teamwork and team spirit by
the integration process of different activities.
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Organization and Organizational Behaviour Notes

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